[!jenkins文章分为三部分]

第一部分为docker安装Jenkins与常用插件使用,此文章

第二部分为运行pipeline并通过k8s pod打包 Jenkins-pipeline使用

第三部分为,pipeline高阶使用,如map,共享库,参考 Jenkins-pipeline进阶使用

1 安装

Attention

这里使用的lts镜像,官网查的版本不准,建议去这里查[Jenkins lts 更新记录](https://www.jenkins.io/changelog-stable/ 把2.492.3换成查到的最新版本,如果需要jdk8就改成lts-jdk8
-如果不需要集成k8s,取消注释,准备好二进制

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services:
  jenkins:
    image: ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/ccops/all:jenkins-2.492.3-lts-jdk17
    user: root
    container_name: jenkins
    restart: always
    environment:
      TZ: "Asia/Shanghai"
      JENKINS_UC: "https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/"
      JENKINS_UC_DOWNLOAD: "https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/"
      JAVA_OPTS: "-Dhudson.model.DownloadService.noSignatureCheck=true"
      # MAVEN_HOME: "/usr/local/maven"
      # PATH: "$JAVA_HOME/bin:$MAVEN_HOME/bin:$PATH"
    ports:
      - "8080:8080"
      - "50000:50000"
    volumes:
      - ./data:/var/jenkins_home
      - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime
      # pipeline复用
      # - ./script:/var/jenkins_home/script
      # - bin/docker:/usr/bin/docker
      # - bin/kubectl:/usr/bin/docker
      # - bin/apache-maven-3.9.9:/usr/local/maven

1.1 准备国内源,防止插件安装不上

2.492.1换成对应的版本,我这是2.492.3,但是没有,只能先用这个
如果版本不对应插件可能安装不上

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cat data/hudson.model.UpdateCenter.xml
<?xml version='1.1' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<sites>
  <site>
    <id>default</id>
    <url>https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/jenkins/updates/dynamic-stable-2.492.1/update-center.json</url>
  </site>
</sites>

2 登陆

查看密码

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cat data/secrets/initialAdminPassword
4c0418dc42524016beb2aa7a67196693

image.png

登录后选择自己安装插件,先安装这几个

image.png

3 插件

3.1 安装

http://jenkins:8080/manage/pluginManager/available

名称 作用
Pipeline: Stage View 展示pipeline步骤
Git 通用clone代码插件
Git Parameter 能够与 Git 插件结合使用，动态获取 Git 项目中分支信息
Docker Pipeline 构建隐藏docker build,账号密码等命令
Rebuilder 重复上次构建
AnsiColor 扩展 echo -e指令，输出增加颜色。
Config File Provider 存储 k8s Deployment 模板等信息
Pipeline Utility Steps 操作文件的插件,与Config File Provider结合使用
Kubernetes 使用 Kubernetes 集群运行 Jenkins agent
Lark Notice Plugin 可选,钉钉,飞书告警插件,不支持在线安装,点击这里安装
Pipeline: Groovy Libraries 可选,共享 Pipeline 脚本
Job Configuration History Plugin pipeline回滚功能
Extended Choice Parameter 支持多选,但现在有漏洞并且不维护,2025年4月17日
Active Choices 更高级的扩展选项,也支持多选,但配置复杂
Publish Over SSH 支持远程传输文件与执行命令
Material Theme与Blue Ocean 美化页面,但Blue Ocean支持功能比较少,比如不支持Active Choices插件

3.2 插件使用

3.2.1 Git

pipeline 例子

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git(credentialsId: "${GIT_ID}", url: "$GIT_URL", branch: "${BRANCH_NAME}", changelog: true, poll: false)

3.2.2 AnsiColor

3.2.3 Config File Provider

http://jenkins:8080/manage/configfiles/

image.png

3.2.4 Pipeline Utility Steps

pipeline例子

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onfigFileProvider([configFile(fileId: "${KUBERNETES_DEPLOYMENT_ID}", targetLocation: "deployment.yaml")]){
  script {
    // 替换deployment文件中的变量
    deploy = readFile encoding: "UTF-8", file: "deployment.yaml"
    deployfile = deploy.replaceAll("#APP_NAME","${APP_NAME}")
                   .replaceAll("#APP_REPLICAS","${KUBERNETES_APP_REPLICAS}")
                   .replaceAll("#APP_IMAGE_NAME","${dockerImageName}")
    // 生成新的 Kubernetes 部署文件
    writeFile encoding: 'UTF-8', file: './deploy.yaml', text: "${deployfile}"
    sh "cat deploy.yaml"
  }
}

3.2.5 Kubernetes

3.2.5.1 添加kubeconfig

image.png

3.2.5.2 添加集群

image.png

选择刚才添加的凭据
image.png
测试

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3.2.5.3 pod模板

这里建议自己制作镜像,把maven,kubelet什么的放进来,方便维护,用k8s与不用k8s好切换
jdk版本按需选择

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cat Dockerfile
FROM jenkins/inbound-agent:latest-jdk17
ADD make/kubectl /usr/bin/kubectl
ADD make/apache-maven-3.9.9 /usr/local/maven
ENV MAVEN_HOME=/usr/local/maven
ENV PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$MAVEN_HOME/bin:$PATH
ENV TZ=Asia/Shanghai
USER root
RUN cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/${TZ} /etc/localtime \
    && echo "${TZ}" > /etc/timezone
USER jenkins

maven配置

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cat make/apache-maven-3.9.9/conf/settings.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.2.0"
          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.2.0.xsd">
<localRepository>/data/repo</localRepository>
  <pluginGroups>

  </pluginGroups>
  <proxies>

  </proxies>
  <servers>

  </servers>
  <mirrors>
    <mirror>
      <id>alimaven</id>
      <name>aliyun maven</name>
      <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
      <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
    </mirror>
  </mirrors>
  <profiles>
    <profile>
       <id>jdk-17</id>
       <activation>
           <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
           <jdk>17</jdk>
       </activation>
       <properties>
          <maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source>
          <maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target>
          <maven.compiler.compilerVersion>17</maven.compiler.compilerVersion>
      </properties>
    </profile>
  </profiles>
</settings>

pod模板

  • 为了演示这里单独加个docker in docker容器,也可以制作all镜像的时候安装docker
  • 如果加容器了就需要pipeline里添加 container(‘docker’),要不然默认用jnlp容器执行
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apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  labels:
    app: jenkins-slave
spec:
  securityContext:
    runAsUser: 0
    privileged: true
  nodeSelector:
    node-role.kubernetes.io/jenkins-slave: "yes"
  containers:
  - name: jnlp
    tty: true
    workingDir: /home/jenkins/agent
    image: ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/ccops/all:inbound-jdk17-all
    volumeMounts:
      - name: data
        mountPath: /data/repo
  - name: docker
    workingDir: /home/jenkins/agent
    image: ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/ccops/all:docker-28.0.4-cli
    command: ["cat"]
    tty: true
    volumeMounts:
      - mountPath: /var/run/docker.sock
        name: dockersock
        readOnly: true
      - mountPath: /etc/docker/daemon.json
        name: dockerdaemon
        readOnly: true
  volumes:
    - name: data
      nfs:
        path: /data/nfs_data
        server: 192.1.1.1
    - name: dockersock
      hostPath:
        path: /var/run/docker.sock
    - name: dockerdaemon
      hostPath:
        path: /etc/docker/daemon.json

这里添加

image.png

3.2.6 Lark Notice Plugin

参考,很简单

3.2.7 Extended Choice Parameter

支持多选,但有漏洞并且不在维护

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pipeline {
......
  parameters {
    extendedChoice name: 'APP_NAME', type: 'PT_CHECKBOX', description: '请勾选所要发布的项目模块', quoteValue: false, saveJSONParameterToFile: false, value: 'app1,app2', visibleItemCount: 7, multiSelectDelimiter: ',', defaultValue: 'app1'
  }
......

3.2.8 Active Choices

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properties([
  parameters([
    [
      $class: 'ChoiceParameter', 
      choiceType: 'PT_CHECKBOX',  // 复选
      name: 'APP_NAME',
      description: '选择应用',
      script: [
        $class: 'GroovyScript', // Groovy脚本
        script: [
          classpath: [], 
          sandbox: true, 
          // 要返回的结果,写在一行
          script: "return ['app1', 'app2']"
        ]
      ]
    ]
  ])
])
pipeline {
......
}

3.2.9 Publish Over SSH

3.2.9.1 添加远程主机

image.png

3.2.9.2 pipeline使用
Info
  • {hostName} 可以写成host-213
  • xecCommand 要执行的命令
  • remoteDirectory 要创建的目录,在/data/app下
  • sourceFiles jenkins上文件路径
  • verbose 是否开启ssh执行日志,debug用
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sshPublisher(publishers: [sshPublisherDesc(configName: "${hostName}", transfers: [sshTransfer(cleanRemote: false, excludes: '', execCommand: """
  docker-compose -f /data/app/${appName}/docker-compose.yml up -d
""", execTimeout: 120000, flatten: false, makeEmptyDirs: false, noDefaultExcludes: false, patternSeparator: '[, ]+', remoteDirectory: "${appName}/", remoteDirectorySDF: false, removePrefix: '', sourceFiles: 'docker-compose.yml')], usePromotionTimestamp: false, useWorkspaceInPromotion: false, verbose: false)])